Dental Fillings: Cost, Types and What to Know
Dental fillings are a common treatment for maintaining oral health. Whether it’s to address tooth decay, repair a chipped tooth or alleviate sensitivity, fillings play an important role in restoring the function and integrity of your teeth.
In this guide, we’ll cover everything from types of dental fillings, what to expect during the procedure, costs involved and how to care for your fillings to ensure they serve you well for years to come.
What is a dental filling?
A dental filling is a treatment used to restore the function and integrity of a tooth that has been damaged by decay, wear or minor fractures. When a tooth develops a cavity, the decayed material is removed, and the empty space is filled to prevent further decay and restore the tooth’s normal shape and function.
Types of fillings
Dental fillings can be made from various materials, each designed to meet specific needs based on the extent of the tooth damage, aesthetics and budget considerations.
1. Amalgam fillings
Amalgam dental fillings are made from a mixture of metals, including silver, mercury, tin and copper. They are known for their durability and strength, making them ideal for filling cavities in the back teeth (molars), where chewing pressure is greatest. Amalgam fillings are usually more affordable than other types but are less aesthetically pleasing due to their silver color.
2. Composite fillings
Composite dental fillings are made from a tooth-colored resin material that blends with your natural teeth, making them an excellent choice for front teeth or visible areas of the mouth. They are bonded directly to the tooth, providing good durability and resistance to moderate chewing pressure. Composite fillings are ideal for smaller cavities and are often preferred by patients who want a more natural-looking result.
3. Ceramic fillings
Also known as porcelain fillings, ceramic dental fillings are crafted in a lab to match the color and texture of your natural teeth. They are highly resistant to staining and provide a very natural appearance. Ceramic fillings are durable and suitable for larger fillings, but they can be more expensive and may require more than one visit to complete
4. Gold fillings
Gold dental fillings, or inlays and onlays, are a premium option made from gold alloy. They are extremely durable, lasting 15 years or more, and can withstand the forces of chewing better than most other materials. While gold fillings are visible and do not match the natural tooth color, some patients prefer them for their durability and the unique aesthetic.
5. Glass ionomer fillings
Made from a blend of acrylic and a specific type of glass, glass ionomer dental fillings are often used for fillings below the gumline or in baby teeth. These fillings release fluoride, which can help protect teeth from further decay. However, they are less durable and less wear-resistant than composite or amalgam fillings, making them less suitable for chewing surfaces.
When do you need a dental filling?
You may need a dental filling when your tooth has been damaged in some way. Here are common situations when a filling is necessary:
- Tooth decay: When bacteria in your mouth produce acids that erode the tooth enamel, it creates holes or cavities in the tooth. A filling helps seal these cavities, preventing further decay and restoring the tooth’s function.
- Cracked or chipped teeth: Teeth can crack or chip due to trauma, like an accident or injury, or even from biting down on something hard. If the damage is minor, a filling can repair the tooth and restore its shape and strength.
- Worn teeth: Teeth can get worn down over time due to grinding (bruxism) or erosion from acidic foods, drinks, or acid reflux. Fillings can help rebuild the worn areas of the teeth, protecting them from further damage and restoring a proper bite.
- Sensitivity to hot or cold: If you experience sharp, persistent sensitivity to hot, cold or sweet foods, it could be a sign of tooth decay or damage. A dental filling can help alleviate this sensitivity by protecting the exposed dentin or nerve endings.
If you notice any of these signs or symptoms, visit your dentist for an evaluation. Catching decay or damage early can help prevent more extensive treatments, like root canals or tooth extractions, and keep your smile healthy.
What to expect from a dental filling procedure
The dental filling procedure is typically straightforward and completed in one visit. Here’s what you can expect:
- Examination and numbing: The dentist will begin by examining your teeth to determine the extent of decay or damage. X-rays may be taken to assess the affected area more closely. Once the need for a filling is confirmed, the dentist will numb the area around the tooth with a local anesthetic to ensure you feel comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
- Removing the decay: The dentist will use specialized tools to remove the decayed or damaged part of the tooth. This step is crucial to eliminate any bacteria and prevent further decay. Once the decay is removed, the dentist will clean and disinfect the area to prepare it for the filling.
- Placing the filling: The dentist will apply the filling material to the prepared cavity. For composite fillings, the material is layered and hardened using a special curing light. For other types of fillings like amalgam or ceramic, the material is placed and shaped to match the tooth’s natural contour.
- Shaping and polishing: Once the filling is in place, the dentist will trim, shape and polish it to make sure it fits comfortably and that the surface matches your bite.
Post filling care
After a dental filling, it’s normal to experience some sensitivity for a few days. To ensure proper healing and care after the procedure:
- Avoid hard or sticky foods
- Practice good oral hygiene
- Monitor sensitivity
- Stick to your regular dental checkups
Potential issues with fillings
While dental fillings are generally safe and effective, there are issues that can arise:
- Fillings can crack, chip or fall out over time due to wear and tear or excessive pressure. If you notice any rough edges or if a filling feels loose, visit your dentist for an evaluation.
- Some patients may experience prolonged sensitivity or pain after a filling, which could indicate an issue such as an improperly placed filling, a high bite or an underlying problem like an infection.
- Rarely, patients may experience an allergic reaction to the materials used in the filling. Symptoms may include itching, rash or oral discomfort.
If you suspect something is wrong, consult your dentist right away.
How long does a filling last?
The lifespan of a dental filling can vary depending on the type of material , the location of the filling and your oral hygiene habits. Generally, most fillings last several years (e.g., composite fillings last five to seven years on average), but some can last for decades with proper care (e.g., ceramic fillings last up to 15 years and gold fillings last 15 to 30 years or more).
Extend the life of your fillings by brushing and flossing regularly, avoiding hard or chewy foods and visiting your dentist regularly for checkups and cleanings.
Cost of dental fillings
The cost of a dental filling can vary widely depending on several factors, the first being the type of material used. Here are estimates for each type:
- Amalgam: $50 - $150 per tooth
- Composite: $90 - $250 per tooth
- Ceramic: $250 - $4,500 per tooth
- Gold: $250 - $4,500 per tooth
- Glass ionomer: $100 - $250 per tooth
The location and size of the cavity will also have an impact on price, as well as the complexity of the procedure. Back teeth or deep cavities that require additional steps may cost more. It’s always recommended to talk with your dentist for accurate pricing.